Window or sash operating device.



a sums-sum 1.

llullkl I. I ll LIIIJIIITIIIIII'TIIIL PATENTED DEC. 18, 1906.

, A, BLACK. 4 WINDOW 0R SASH OPERATING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 1. 1905.

- PATENTED DEC. 18, 1906.

A. BLAGK. j WINDOW OR SASH OPERATING DEVICE.

APPL'IOATIONTILED D30. 1. 1905.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2- V 1 e 10 f nesses:

' Nb 889,056. PATENTED DEC. 18, 1906.

A.BLAOK. WINDOW 0R SASH OPERATING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.1. 1905.

' 6 SHEETE-SHBBT a 'No 839,056. PATEN-TEDDEG. 18, 1906.

A. BLACK. 1 WINDOW 0R SASH OPERATING DEVICE.

APPLICATION I'ILE'D DEG-1. 1905.

a SHEETS-SHEET 4.

J n $188885 1 QMZZZM m rrpgys.

U T D TAT S PATENT OFFICE;

- I Specification of Letters Patent.

7' Patented Dec. @006.

Application filed December 1. 1905. Serial No. 289.776.

Too/ll whinn, it may concern:

Be it known that 'I, ALEXANDER BLACK, joiner and builder, a subject of ,the King of Great Britain, residing at 61 Kem och street Gourock, Renfrewshire, Scotlan have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Window 'or. Sash Operating Devices, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to windows having sliding sashes;.and it has for its object to pro.- vide improved mechanical means whereby the sashes can be readily raised and lowered. The sashes are hung without weights and are or may be adapted to turn inward on hinges.- In order that in said invention may be clearly understood, have hereunto appended,

* six sheets of explanatory drawings, whe'reon' iaiisihag and lowerin .view of a window with Figure 1 is a front view of awindow with part of the side frame broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan. Fig. 3 is a side view showing the gear. Fig. 4 is an enlarg front View, 5 a corresponding side view, and Fig. 6 a plan, of art of the. gear. Fig.7 isafront View, and ig.8a lan, of a special form of hinge. Fig. Qis a ont arts of the frame broken away, so as; to s ow a modified ai rangementof sash raising and lowering gear; Fig. 10 is a 1plan. Fig. 1 I is a side viewshowing the sas raising and lowering ear. Fig. 12 is an enlarged front view, an Fig. 13 a corresponding side View, of part of-the gear. Fig. 14 is a front view of a window'with art of the side frame broken away, so as to sliow" another modified arran ementof sash raising and lowerin gear. ig. 15'is a side View of the same. ig'. 16 is'anenlarged front 'view,'Fig. 178. corresponding side view, and

Fi 18 a plan, of part of the modified-gear.

"carrying out my invention I'p'rovide at the topof-the' window, and prefera ly within the window frameor case a, a horizontal shaft'b, having at or near each end thereof a chain wheel or pulley. The pulieys raw marked 0 d. :Round the when; wheels or pulle'y s endless'chains ef work. The lower ends ofthe endless chains 'pass round chain Wheels or ullevs hwhich run on studs s indies or P w J 7 1 P 2 equivalentsecured one at each side of the window frame or case. There are thus two endles chains, one arranged at each side "of the window; I The wind ow-sash 'i is provided [with means, such as catches or sta les or equivalent, whereby it can be secure to the chains in such manner that'as the chains are operated the sash ismoved up and down. In.

chain.

samema'nner as the wor t.

drawings, the hinge 7c of the sash is made with an extension is, which works through a slots; 3

the case of hinged windows, as-shown on the.

gle-plate k of the hinge is at the back of the I slot and serves to retain the hinge horizon-' tally in place and to uide it as it works u and down with the sas i The sa'sh is secure to the chain f by means of aslidin bolt. m, which is adapted to slip into a li When both sashes are adapted to be raised and lowered, then there may be two sets of chain-gear at each side of the windowrframe,

in the,..

one set for each sash. Thus the gear 0 I) f is for the lower sash i; For. the upper sash'j there is an endless "chain e, which operates a wheel a and rod 1), and there is a second chain at the back of the chainf, which is .0

erated by the wheel- (1 on the rod' bf. T "e sash'j can be engaged with this chain by Ineansof a sliding bolt a, which when shot enters a link in the chain. The hinge 0 of this sash has its extension 0 assed t ough the slot ac and secured to t e chain 6 by means of small bolts in the same manner as I the hinge 10. Both con truction. r he chains are operated by means of wheelhinges. 7c 0 are similarin gear arranged in the window, frame or case andwhich is operated by means of a worm on aworm-shaft. g

,The' wheel and worm gears are shown clearly at Figs. 4,-5,jand 6. .It. will beseen that the chain-wheel g is on a spindle p, car:

'ried in a housing q, fitted in thevwindow,

frame or case. which gears with a wheel 8, which latter is turned by a worm t. The end of the worm- On the spindle is a pinion 1',

spindle t is squared, so that it can be readily turned by a crank handle or wheel to, Fig. 3. The gear for operating the chain e is similar;

'Tiiere isajehain-wheel g on a spindle 1 carried also in the housing q, and on the spindle is a pinion-1", gearing with a wheel s, which latter is turned by a worm'tKoperated in the Alternatively for economy of space the chain-wheel g may be placed above or below the chain-wheel g,

the chain e working'before or behind the chain; e, and the worms and worm-wheels would be arranged accordingly.

' It ma be stated thatthe lower sash 'i is provide with a hinge v,--having an'extension 1), which is of T shape and works in the slot Ido w in the pulley-stile. The upper sash is provided with a similar hinge w, having its eX- tension Working in the slot in.

With this arrangement when it is desired to raise or lower'the sashi the wheel sis rotated by means of the worm t, whereupon the chains ef are caused to move the sash up or down, as the case may be. Likewise, when it is desired to raise or lower the sash the wheel 8 is rotated by means of the worm t so as to actuate the chains connected with the upper sash. When the sashes are raised or lowered the extent desired, the wheel a is removed, and the worm-gear securely holds the sashes in place without extraneous means. Whenit is desired to turn the sashes inward on their hinges, the bolts m a are withdrawn from their chains and the batten-rod, which is hinged, turned back out of the way.

I prefer to use only the chains at the one side of the frame (the left-hand side, Fig. 1)

. and dispense with those at the other side and also with the bolts m n. In this case as the sashes are only hung at one side small pulleys or Wheels or equivalent have to be fitted I to them atthe other side, so as to hold them in position and facilitate the uphnd-down movements. The use of pulleys or wheels for this purpose is old and forms no part of my present invention. Pulleys are shown at c" j, Fig. 14.

In the arrangement shown at Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 there is provided at the top of the window, and preferably within the window frame or case a, a horizontally-arranged endless chain or its equivalent b, which is adapted to work on the pini'ons c (1 secured on the upper ends of the two long screwspindles e f one arranged at each side of the window. The screw-spindle 0 can be rotated by means of the worm-wheel s and worm t the latter being turned by means of a handle or its equivalent 1/, which may be fitted on the squared end i of the wormshaft t. (See Figs. 12 and 13.) The lower window sash i is provided with screwed sockets or nuts or such like 7 y, which work on the screw-spindles e" f in such manner that when the spindles e f are rotated the sash i is raised or lowered. In the case of hinged windows, shown on the drawings. the hinge 7c of the sash 'i. is made with an extension k, which works through a slot :r in the pulley-stile and is secured to the. socket or nut 2 :in any suitable manner. The sash i is ."UCUIMl to the socket or nut 1/ by means m" a sliding bolt m, which is adapted to slip into a hole made for its reception in the socket. hen it is desired to operate both sashes, there may be two screwed spindles at each side of the window and corresponding chain-gear at the top, one set of gear for each sash. Thus the gear e" b is for the lower sash i, while for the upper sash j there is a second screw-spindle c at the back of the hand-wheel or equivalent a.

screw-spindle e ,"which operates pinion c endless chain b and pinion (1 which is secured to another screw-spindle at the back of the screw-spindle f The sash 7' can be engaged with the screw-spindle e by means of the hinge 0, whose extension 0' passes through the slot :0 and is secured to the socket if, working on the spindle. The sash is also engaged with the screw-spindle f 3 by means of the sliding bolt 71:, which engages with a hole in the screw nut or socket y on the spindle. The whole arrangement is similar to that of the sash i. There is a worm-wheel s on the screw-spindle 0 which is operated by the worm t, so as to revolve the screw-spindle e" and raise and lower the sash j. o w are hinges for the sashes, made with retaining-guides working in the slots .2: and at. If so desired, both screw-spindles e 6 may be operated by the same worm-gear, thus raising and lowering both sashes simultaneously. Preferably I would arrange for the sashes being secured at the left-hand side only to the screw-spindles e e and at the right-hand side provided with small pulleys or wheels adapted to run in the sasl.stiles, as shown in dotted lines at i 7', Fig. 14. In this case a set of screw-spindles at both sides of the window would not he required, the screw-spindles f f and chain-gears b I)" being dispensed with. The worm-gears for operating the screw-spindles e c are clear y shown at Figs. 12 and 13. The housing q, within which the lower ends of the spindles p e are carried and within which the wormwheels 8 s work, is provided with side pieces or projections q q-, which support the wormshafts t" i, from whose squared ends t t the gear is operated by means of the portable With this arrangement 'when it is desired to raise or lower the sash i the screw-spindle e is rotated by means of the worm t and wormwheel 8, thus operating the endless chain b which causes the screw-spindle f 2 to rotate. The screw-spindles e f in rotating raise or lower the sockets or nuts 1 y, with the sash i secured thereto, by means of the projection k on the hinge 7c and the slide-bolt m. Likewise when it is desired to raise or lower the sash j the screw-spindle e is rotated by means i th worm t and worm-wheel 8, thus operating the endless chain b and causing the screw-spindi to rotate. The screw-spindles e f in rotating operate the sockets or nuts 3 1 thusk ausin-g the sash secured thereto by means of the] Iirojection o onthe hinge oand the slide-b0 t n; to he raised or lowered, as the case may be.

Of course instead of having an endless chain or endless chains, as the case may be, at the top of the window there maybe rods provided with bevel or other gear whereby they can be rotated from the screw spindle or spindles on the one side of the window 1o 16., 17, and 18 the sashes 1', I 'rack-and-pinion-and worm gear arranged window-frame, the right-hand side being pr x before describ rack e is secured to the projection 0 on the 0 readily turned by the hand-wheel or equiva-. lent u. Gearing with the worm t is a worm-' 3 5 a Worm t ona worm-shaft t, with a squared o pinion 2 which gears with the rack e The with their pinions 2 2". 4 5 ment when it is desired to raise or lower the down, as the case may be;

7' attached thereto.

rack, pinion, and worm 5 inbefore described, they may be operated by rack-and-pinion gear. l-employworni-gear for operating the rack-and-pinion mechanism, as such ear is self-locking.

. In the modification shown at Figs. 14, 15,

j are operated by 5 only at the left-hand side, Fig. 14, ofthe vided with s iall pulleys or wheels i j, as d. .When applied to hinged windows, as shown in the drawings, the upper end of the rack e for the lower sash is secured to the projection k on the hinge k of the sash z','while the upper end of the second hinge 0 of theupper sash j." The hinges, as before, are arranged to Work through the slots 00 a) in the pulley-stiles. The worm and pinion gears for operating the racks e e are 25 show clearly at Figs. 16, 17, and 18: Fitted within the" window frame or case is a housing q, with projections or side pieces q" (1 carrying the worm-shaft 13 having the worm t. The shaft is squared at its end If, so as to be wheel 8 on whose spindle z is fix'ed a pinionz, which gears with the rack a. The gear for operatlng the rack e is similar. There is end if; The worm-shaft 13 is supported between theprojections (1 K), provided in the housing. q. Gearing with the worm t is a worm-wheel s, on whose spindle z 'is fixed a ousing q is also provided with a number of small rollers q, which bear on the backs of the racks e e and hold them in engagement With this'arrangesash'i the s indle z is rotated by means of the Worm t and worm-whvel .9, thus rotating the pinion z and causing the rack e ,=with the sash '5 attached thereto, to be moved up or Likewise when it is desired to raise or lower the sash j the spindle z is rotated by means of the worm if and worm-wheel 8?, thus rotating the pinion a and operating the rack a, with the sash- Both racks e 0 may, if so desired, be operated by the same worm and pinion gear, thus operating both sashes 6 simultaneously. In most cases it is sullicicnt to have merely the gear for operating the upper sash only.

It is very important to have the sashes hinged to elther the screw or the rack, as the what I claim,

case may be, and it is equally important to have the wormear, as the latter mines the sash being loc ed in any position. No

amount of pushing of the sash will overcome the worm-gear, and therefore when closed the sashes are burglar-proof.

Having-now-fully described my invention,

Patent, is

. 1. The combination with a sliding sash, of

mechanical means for raising and lowerin it, means for enabling the sash to be turne inward, said sash being hinged to the raising :79 and desire to secure by Letters 1 and lowering means and worm-gear for operating said mechanical means.

2. The combination with a sliding windowsash, of mechanical manually-operated means 111 front of the W ndow for both raising and lowering the sash, hinges on the sash, means for connecting the hingesto the mechanical I means and worm-gear for operating the said mechamcal means.

sash,jof mechanical manually-operatedmeans for raising and lowering the sash, m-ea'nsfor permanently connecting the one side of the sash to the said mechanical means, means for temporarily comiecting the other side 01 the sash to said mechanical means and Wormgear for operating themechanical means.

4. The combination with a sliding sash hinged at one side thereof, of a screw, means for connecting the hinges of the sash to the screw, and worm gear for operating the screw. i

5. 'Thecombination withfa sliding sash, of hinges therefor said hinges having extensions, guides for the extensions, a screwed socket secured to the extension of one of the hinges,

3. The combination with a sliding window a screwed spindle and worm-gear for turning hinged to its raising and lowering means, of I two screwed spindles, means for permanently securing the sash to one spindle, means for temporarily securing it to the others indle, worm-gear for rotating one spind e and means for transmitting one spindle to theother. 7 The combination with a sliding sash, hinged to its raising and lowering means, of two screwed spindles, a socket on each spindle, means connecting the sash ermanently to the one socket, a sllding bolt the sash to the other socket, means for transmitting motion from one spindle to the other and worm-gear for operatin one spindle.

In testimony whereof I a 1x, my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' 'ALEXR. BLACK. Witnesses:

WILLIAM FLEMI G HUGH DONALD FIlZPATRIOK.

the motion from the 

